Pancreatitis is an inflammatory process in the pancreas. The outflow of bile is disturbed, as a result of which the enzymes of the gland do not penetrate into the duodenum and remain in it. The pancreas begins to gradually collapse, threatening even death.
Every year this type of disease is diagnosed in more and more people. The pathology occurs even in adolescents. There are many reasons for the development of pancreatitis, from alcohol abuse, overweight, to gallstone disease. That is why it is very important to follow a diet during illness.
The importance of enzymes in digestion
Pancreatic juice, which is produced by the pancreas, is needed for normal digestion of food. In addition, the juice protects against the harmful effects of hydrochloric acid. Contains enzymes that break down carbohydrates, proteins and fats. If this does not happen, then most of the food received does not bring any benefit to the body.
The juice contains 4 enzymes. They stand out in 3 stages, the activation of which occurs in the first 30-60 minutes after eating. Then there is a gradual decrease in activity and literally in 3-4 hours everything returns to the original level. If there are problems with the pancreas, then the activation of enzymes occurs too early, as a result of which an inflammatory process or pancreatitis begins.
Fatty foods, consequences of abuse
Fats are found in all foods, even fruits, albeit in minimal amounts. But bacon and lard have the most fat. For example, 70 g of lard covers the daily dose of fat that the body needs per day. It is clear that no one will limit themselves to just a few pieces of bacon a day.
Some products have hidden surprises. For example, Doctor's sausage contains 40% fat, although it is considered dietary. These products include popcorn, sauces, yogurt and convenient foods.
Nutritionists advise to consume no more than 1 g of fat per 1 kg of human weight. If the norm is not observed, then obesity begins, which adversely affects absolutely all human organs, including the pancreas. Scientists have also found that fatty foods excite the pleasure center of the brain, and as a result, even if a person stops consuming fat, he can not get enough of ordinary food.
Ways to eliminate pain
Pancreatitis is accompanied by pain in the hypochondrium. It starts after eating. This can be accompanied by weakness, belching, nausea and even stool disorders. The first step, if the attack has started, is to take antispasmodics, if you know which ones. If the attack is severe, then it is better to call the doctors.
After these two days, it is best to stick to bed rest for 2 days. Ice can be applied to the hypochondrium. Until the attack passes, you should not eat, but only drink water, which should be warm.
If there is vomiting, it is better to vomit, it will immediately become much easier. It is best to breathe shallowly, holding your breath periodically.
How long does the diet last for pancreatitis
The diet for pancreatitis does not have a clear time. It all depends on the patient's condition, how quickly he recovers. In the chronic form, a person usually has to carefully monitor his diet for at least 1. 5 years.
Approved products
In order not to harm the pancreas and "help" it perform its functions faster, the following foods should be included in the diet:
- soups with noodles and vegetables;
- bread from yesterday;
- roasted or boiled fish;
- steamed meat, in the form of rolls, mashed potatoes, pate and cutlets;
- croutons;
- stewed and roasted vegetables;
- dairy and fermented milk products, but with a low percentage of fat;
- cereals;
- omelet;
- pasta;
- small amount of oil and vegetable oil;
- roasted unsweetened fruits;
- jelly;
- jellies and compotes.
However, such a limited set of products will not always be in the diet; gradually, with its improvement, the number of products expands.
Restricted or partially restricted products
Alas, but the list of forbidden foods for this type of disease is quite impressive. Invalid consumption:
- cabbage;
- okroshka;
- jams;
- broths based on meat, fish and mushrooms;
- beets;
- margarine;
- canned foods;
- fatty meats and fish;
- offal;
- sausages;
- any fried foods;
- lard;
- apples;
- boiled eggs;
- caviar;
- legumes;
- barley, maize and millet porridge;
- banned vegetables that cause gas and contain large dietary fiber, such as radishes and cabbage;
- chocolate;
- fresh bakery products and bread;
- spicy dishes;
- citrus fruits.
You can't drink coffee, cocoa, strong tea. It is undesirable to drink juices. Strictly forbidden carbonated drinks
Diet for chronic pancreatitis
The purpose of the diet in the presence of pancreatitis is to alleviate the inflammatory process and restore normal gland function. In the chronic form, food should enter the body every 2-3 hours. You should drink plenty of water, up to 3 liters. Before eating, it is recommended to drink a glass of warm clean water without gases for about 20 minutes.
The use of alcoholic beverages is not allowed. You will need to reduce the amount of sugar and salt in your diet to a minimum. You cannot overeat and wash food. It is best to grind all products thoroughly. Meals should be at room temperature.
Diet for acute pancreatitis
After 2-3 days on an empty stomach should follow a light diet. The menu can be structured as follows:
- 3 days after the relief of seizure symptoms, weak tea without sugar is introduced;
- on the 5th day you can now eat mashed carrots or potatoes;
- from the 7th day the introduction of fish is allowed, but not fried or seafood;
- puddings with milk and cottage cheese have been introduced since day 10.
It is permissible to consume light soups and beef for 7-10 days. However, they are applied carefully, depending on the state of health. If unpleasant symptoms appear after their use, they are immediately removed from the diet.
Many doctors advise to drink oatmeal jelly for 3 or 4 days. It has a low calorie content, but at the same time it is very satisfying. The drink allows you to normalize stools and remove toxins.
Diet for pancreatitis in children
In fact, the diagnosis of pancreatitis is extremely rare in childhood. But more often you can face "reactive pancreatitis". These are temporary problems with the pancreas related to poor nutrition.
The problem usually resolves in just a few weeks. During this period, however, you will need to keep the child on a strict diet.
All products that contain chemical additives, fragrances, colorants are displayed unambiguously. No trips to catering and harmful fast food restaurants.
However, fermented and salted foods, broths, natural sausages, pies, pastries and even ice cream are allowed. However, they should not be known to the child and can be used after the symptoms of 'reactive pancreatitis' have disappeared.
Therapeutic diet Table number 5 n product list
This diet is recommended for chronic pancreatitis, gout, cholecystitis and a number of other diseases. The main goal of diet number 5p is to restore the normal functioning of the pancreas, liver and gallbladder.
Table 5p provides a rational approach to the amount of protein and carbohydrates. However, fat is almost completely reduced to zero. The menu should not contain foods that contain cholesterol, oxalic acid, purines, essential oils, fats. Salt also decreases in quantity.
It is recommended to drink warm water on an empty stomach. Food should be cut thoroughly, eat in small portions. Alcohol-free. You should eat an average of 5 times a day.
The energy value of the menu should not exceed 2800 kcal. Drug therapy should not be interrupted during the diet.
Sample diet menu for pancreatitis for a week
You can create a menu for the week as follows:
Monday
| Breakfast | Omelet and black bread, a cup of tea |
| Snack | Cheese and Biscuits |
| Lunch | Stewed zucchini and buckwheat porridge |
| Snack | Crushed apples |
| Dinner | Oatmeal, carrot puree |
Tuesday
| Breakfast | Crushed low-fat cheese, tea |
| Snack | Fruit Jelly |
| Lunch | Vegetable soup, bread, some boiled beef |
| Snack | Carrot puree |
| Dinner | Boiled chicken, vegetable stew |
Wednesday
| Breakfast | Low fat yogurt and apple |
| Snack | A little cottage cheese |
| Lunch | Puree soup, boiled crucian |
| Snack | Croutons, dried apricots |
| Dinner | Rice and cottage cheese pudding, roast meat |
Thursday
| Breakfast | Omelet, slice of bread |
| Snack | Raisins |
| Lunch | Green bean stew, chicken stew |
| Snack | Baked apples |
| Dinner | Steamed rice and chicken |
Friday
| Breakfast | Pumpkin puree |
| Snack | Dried apricots |
| Lunch | Light soup, some boiled fish |
| Snack | Selection of baked fruits |
| Dinner | Casserole |
Saturday
| Breakfast | Bread, omelet |
| Snack | Cottage cheese |
| Lunch | Lentil soup, boiled beef |
| Snack | Fruit Jelly |
| Dinner | Buckwheat porridge, boiled chicken |
Sunday
| Breakfast | Boiled beets, croutons |
| Snack | Roasted pumpkin, pasta without sauce |
| Lunch | Boiled potatoes, beef stew |
| Snack | Oatmeal jelly |
| Dinner | Rice pudding, chicken |
You can drink a glass of kefir before bed. And those with sweet teeth can even afford a few milk chocolates.
You should always strictly follow your doctor's recommendations. Even after discharge from the hospital it is necessary to follow a diet for a certain period of time to improve the quality of one's life, to prevent recurrence. And to prevent the development of the disease, one must monitor his own diet from a very early age.